From: <Saved by Windows Internet Explorer 7>
Subject: Texas Judiciary Online - HTML Opinion
Date: Sat, 26 May 2007 17:06:46 -0500
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/related;
	type="text/html";
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C79FB8.3DBBDFB0"
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.3028

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C79FB8.3DBBDFB0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?OpinionId=83064

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Texas Judiciary Online - HTML Opinion</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dwindows-1252">
<SCRIPT language=3DJavaScript><!--
function openWindow(windowName, urlLoc, w, h, top, left) {=20
	windowName =3D window.open("",windowName, =
'scrollbars=3Dyes,status=3Dno,width=3D' + w + ',height=3D' + h + =
',menubar=3Dno,resizable=3Dno,top=3D' + top + ',left=3D' + left + =
',screenX=3D0,screenY=3D0');
	windowName.location.href =3D urlLoc;
	windowName.focus();
	if (windowName.opener =3D=3D null) windowName.opener =3D self;
}
//--></SCRIPT>
<LINK =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/resource/includes/oca.css" =

type=3Dtext/css rel=3Dstylesheet>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.6000.16441" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY lang=3DEN-US style=3D"TEXT-JUSTIFY-TRIM: punctuation" =
bgColor=3Dwhite=20
leftMargin=3D0 topMargin=3D0 marginwidth=3D"0" =
marginheight=3D"0"><!--MAIN Content Table Begin-->
<TABLE width=3D"100%">
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD class=3DTextSmall><A class=3DTextSmall=20
      href=3D"mailto:?subject=3DAn opinion from the Texas Judiciary =
Online: Fourteenth Court of Appeals&amp;body=3DThis opinion is from the =
Texas Fourteenth Court of Appeals web site.  =
http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/HTMLOpinion.asp?OpinionID=3D=
83064"><IMG=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/resource/opinions/images/ico=
EMail.gif"=20
      align=3DabsMiddle border=3D0> Send this document to a=20
      colleague</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD class=3DtextSmall align=3Dright><!--		Close This Window<a =
href=3D"javascript:window.close()"><img =
SRC=3D"../resource/images/icons/close.gif" WIDTH=3D"16" HEIGHT=3D"16" =
BORDER=3D"0" ALIGN=3D"absmiddle" HSPACE=3D"3"></a-->Close=20
      This Window<A onclick=3Dwindow.close()=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#"><IMG=20
      height=3D16 hspace=3D3 src=3D"" width=3D16 align=3DabsMiddle =
border=3D0></A> </TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD class=3DTextJustify colSpan=3D2>
      <HR>
      <BR><BR>
      <META content=3D"Microsoft Word 11 (filtered)" name=3DGenerator>
      <STYLE>@font-face {
	font-family: Shruti;
}
@font-face {
	font-family: Estrangelo Edessa;
}
@font-face {
	font-family: WP TypographicSymbols;
}
@font-face {
	font-family: EngrvrsOldEng BT;
}
@page Section1 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section2 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section3 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section4 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section5 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section6 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section7 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section8 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
@page Section9 {size: 8.5in 791.9pt; margin: 1.0in 1.0in .7in 1.0in; }
P.MsoNormal {
	FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"
}
LI.MsoNormal {
	FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"
}
DIV.MsoNormal {
	FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"
}
DIV.Section1 {
	page: Section1
}
DIV.Section2 {
	page: Section2
}
DIV.Section3 {
	page: Section3
}
DIV.Section4 {
	page: Section4
}
DIV.Section5 {
	page: Section5
}
DIV.Section6 {
	page: Section6
}
DIV.Section7 {
	page: Section7
}
DIV.Section8 {
	page: Section8
}
DIV.Section9 {
	page: Section9
}
</STYLE>

      <DIV class=3DSection1>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal><A name=3Da3><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt">Affirmed</SPAN></B></A><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt"> and Memorandum Opinion filed February =
8,=20
      2007.</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
13pt"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
13pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb=
sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt">In The</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'EngrvrsOldEng =
BT'">Fourteenth Court=20
      of Appeals</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">____________</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">NO. <A=20
      name=3Da4>14-05-01264-CV</A></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">____________</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><A=20
      name=3Da5><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">WAFIC TAWFIC=20
      ATAYA, SAWSSAN ATAYA A/K/A SAWSSAN MOHAMAD ELEHIKH-ISSA, AND =
VICTORY=20
      WHOLESALE, INC.</SPAN></B></A><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">, =
Appellants</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">V.</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><A=20
      name=3Da6><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">THE STATE OF=20
      TEXAS</SPAN></B></A><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">, =
Appellee</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><SPAN=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: -2; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
96px; WIDTH: 624px; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 4px"><IMG=20
      height=3D4 src=3D"" width=3D624></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">On Appeal from the =
<A=20
      name=3Da7>334th District Court</A></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><A=20
      name=3Da8><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Harris</SPAN></B></A><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> County, =
Texas</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Trial Court Cause =
No. <A=20
      name=3Da9>2003-20338</A></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN></B>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><SPAN=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: -1; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
96px; WIDTH: 624px; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 4px"><IMG=20
      height=3D4 src=3D"" width=3D624></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 7.35pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">M E M O R=20
      A N D U M&nbsp;&nbsp; O P I N I O N</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">In a=20
      single issue, appellants Wafic Tawfic Ataya, Sawssan Ataya a/k/a =
Sawssan=20
      Mohamad Elehik-Issa, and Victory Wholesale, Inc. challenge the =
trial=20
      court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s denial=20
      of their motion for new trial.&nbsp; We affirm.</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">I.&nbsp;=20
      Factual and Procedural Background</SPAN></B></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection2>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">This=20
      appeal concerns a post-answer default judgment and subsequent =
denial of a=20
      motion for new trial.&nbsp; In April 2003, the State of Texas sued =
Wafic=20
      Tawfic Ataya, his wife, Sawssan Ataya, and their wholesale food=20
      distribution business, Victory Wholesale (collectively =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">), seeking=20
      civil penalties and to enjoin them from operating the business =
without a=20
      license in violation of the Texas Health and Safety Code.&nbsp; =
Appellants=20
      timely answered.&nbsp; After numerous re-settings, the trial court =
set the=20
      case for trial for a two-week docket beginning the latter half of=20
      September 2005.<A title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftn1"=20
      name=3D_ftnref1><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[1]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A>&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection3>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The record=20
      reflects that, as early as July 22, 2005, appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
attorney,=20
      Jonathan E. Bruce, informed them in writing of this trial setting. =
Mr.=20
      Ataya also concedes that Bruce informed him of this setting on =
August 16,=20
      2005 in discussions about a potential settlement with the =
State.&nbsp;=20
      Thereafter, in the three-week period before September 20, Bruce =
left=20
      numerous messages on Mr. Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s cell=20
      phone reminding him of the trial setting and requesting a =
callback.&nbsp;=20
      After hearing no response, on September 20, Bruce mailed a letter =
to the=20
      Atayas</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
home=20
      address in Houston, Texas imploring them to return his numerous =
phone=20
      messages and again stating that trial was set for </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">this=20
      week</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
and that=20
      the court could call the case at any time.&nbsp; Still after =
hearing no=20
      response, on September 30, Bruce mailed the Atayas a final =
correspondence=20
      stating that&nbsp; (1) the court had called their case for October =
4,<A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftn2"=20
      name=3D_ftnref2><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[2]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A>=20
      (2) he would move for a continuance, which the court would most =
likely=20
      deny, and, (3) pursuant to a prior written agreement, he would =
move to=20
      withdraw as appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
counsel=20
      because they had paid him only for a settlement agreement.&nbsp; =
Finally,=20
      at 3:15 p.m. on October 3, Mr. Ataya called Bruce.&nbsp; From the=20
      conversation, which Bruce described as </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">kind of .=20
      . . chopped-up,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
Bruce=20
      understood that Mr. Ataya was out of the country.&nbsp; According =
to=20
      Bruce, Mr. Ataya said he received the correspondence regarding the =
October=20
      4 trial date and the motion to withdraw and that he did not object =
to the=20
      motion for withdrawal.&nbsp; To ensure that Mr. Ataya understood =
the=20
      situation, Bruce faxed a copy of the September 30 letter to a =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">local=20
      phone number which apparently was faxed to him overseas[, and Mr. =
Ataya=20
      later] re-faxed it to [Bruce</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s]=20
      office.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The=20
      following day, on October 4, 2005, appellants failed to appear for =

      trial.&nbsp; Bruce, however, appeared, and, as promised, moved to =
withdraw=20
      as appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
counsel=20
      and requested a continuance.&nbsp; The court granted his motion to =

      withdraw but denied the continuance in part because it =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">ha[d=20
      continued trial] so many times before</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
and=20
      </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[Mr.=20
      Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s] absence=20
      has caused us to continue to move this case.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp; The=20
      court subsequently entered a default judgment against appellants,=20
      permanently enjoining them from operating without a license.&nbsp; =
The=20
      court also assessed $425,000 in penalties for seventeen violations =
of the=20
      Health and Safety Code, $13,210.04 in investigation costs, $4,100 =
in=20
      destruction costs of adulterated products discovered in the =
investigation,=20
      and $24,963.95 in attorney</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      fees.&nbsp; </SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection4>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Appellants=20
      thereafter filed a motion for new trial.&nbsp; They contended that =
their=20
      respective failures to appear were not intentional or the result =
of=20
      conscious indifference but, rather, was due to a mistake.&nbsp; In =

      support, appellants attached affidavits of both Mr. and Mrs. Ataya =
and=20
      copies of Bruce</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      September 20 and 30 letters.&nbsp; In his affidavit, Mr. Ataya =
averred=20
      that he went to Sacramento, California on September 3, 2005 to =
care for a=20
      sick relative and left his cell phone and fax machine in the care =
of his=20
      wife.&nbsp; He stated that his wife is of foreign extraction, does =
not=20
      read or speak English fluently, and has difficulty understanding =
many=20
      English phrases.&nbsp; Therefore, because his wife </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">could=20
      neither read nor understand [Bruce</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s]=20
      messages very well,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =

      </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[n]one of=20
      these communications were conveyed to [him] by [his] wife until =
October 3,=20
      2005.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp; He=20
      further claimed that, by the time he spoke with Bruce the day =
before=20
      trial, he </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">did not=20
      have sufficient time, money or means of getting from Sacramento to =

      Houston, by 9:00 a.m. the following morning.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp;=20
      Though Mr. Ataya admitted he was </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">told=20
      earlier in the year that the case may go to trial around this=20
      time,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
he=20
      claimed he </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">thought=20
      [he] would have some more time to arrange [his] appearance in=20
      court.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp; In=20
      her affidavit, Mrs. Ataya echoed her husband</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      assertions that she does not read or speak English fluently.<A =
title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftn3"=20
      name=3D_ftnref3><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[3]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A>&nbsp;=20
      Further, though she acknowledged Bruce</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">purported[]</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
attempts=20
      to call her husband</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s cell=20
      phone and the September 30 letter and stated that her </SPAN><SPAN =

      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">husband=20
      became aware of this letter on October 3, 2005,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
she=20
      maintained that she </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">never=20
      understood that there was a trial on October 4, 2005.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp;=20
      Therefore, in the motion, appellants relied on Mrs. =
Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s alleged=20
      lack of English proficiency to establish their respective =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">mistake[s]</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
in=20
      failing to appear.</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Appellants=20
      also asserted in their motion for new trial that (1) the Atayas =
are merely=20
      officers and agents of Victory Wholesale and thus not personally=20
      responsible for its corporate civil liabilities and (2) Victory =
Wholesale=20
      had filed for bankruptcy and thus was protected by the automatic =
stay in=20
      the United States Bankruptcy Code.&nbsp; They further contended =
that the=20
      granting of a new trial would not injure the plaintiff.&nbsp; =
</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The State=20
      responded that appellants acted with conscious indifference in =
failing to=20
      appear for trial, citing the repeated, unreturned communications =
from=20
      Bruce.&nbsp; To controvert Mrs. Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s alleged=20
      lack of English proficiency, the State</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s attorney=20
      attached an affidavit averring that she had previously deposed =
Mrs. Ataya=20
      in October 2003 entirely in English, and Mrs. Ataya never =
requested an=20
      interpreter.&nbsp; The State further challenged the =
appellant</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      defenses.&nbsp; As to the Atayas, the State asserted that because =
they had=20
      been sued in their individual capacities, the Atayas could not =
defend on=20
      the basis they were merely officers and agents of Victory =
Wholesale.&nbsp;=20
      As to Victory Wholesale, the State contended the governmental unit =

      exception to the automatic bankruptcy stay applied, which allowed =
a suit=20
      against the company.&nbsp; Finally, the State maintained that a =
grant of=20
      new trial would cause significant delay and prejudice.=20
      </SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection5>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The court=20
      heard the motion, but no party presented live testimony.&nbsp; =
After=20
      considering </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">the=20
      motion; the evidence; and the applicable law,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
the court=20
      subsequently denied appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
motion=20
      for new trial, finding that </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Defendants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
claim of=20
      lack of notice because Sawssan Ataya could not understand the =
messages not=20
      to be credible in light of the competing evidence and this=20
      Court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s own=20
      experience with this cause . . . [and] that Defendants have failed =
to=20
      establish a meritorious defense to the action.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The Atayas=20
      and Victory Wholesale now appeal, claiming the trial court should =
have set=20
      aside the default judgment and granted a new trial because =
appellants=20
      negated a lack of intent or conscious indifference in failing to =
appear,=20
      presented a meritorious defense, and established a new trial would =
cause=20
      no injury to the State.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">II.&nbsp;=20
      Standard of Review</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">We review=20
      a trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s denial=20
      of a motion for new trial under the abuse of discretion =
standard.&nbsp;=20
      <I>Puri v. Mansukhani</I>, 973 S.W.2d 701, 715 (Tex. =
App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1998, no pet.).&nbsp; Generally, a trial court abuses =
its=20
      discretion when it acts without reference to any guiding rules and =

      principles or in an arbitrary or unreasonable manner.&nbsp; =
<I>Downer v.=20
      Aquamarine Operators, Inc.</I>, 701 S.W.2d 238, 241</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">42 (Tex.=20
      1985).&nbsp; A trial court does not abuse its discretion if it =
bases its=20
      decision on conflicting evidence and some evidence supports its =
decision;=20
      however, an abuse of discretion occurs when the trial =
court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s decision=20
      is contrary to the only permissible view of the evidence.&nbsp; =
<I>See In=20
      re Barber</I>, 982 S.W.2d 364, 366 (Tex. 1998); <I>Walker v. =
Packer</I>,=20
      827 S.W.2d 833, 840 (Tex. 1992).&nbsp; In the default judgment =
context, a=20
      trial court abuses its discretion by failing to grant a new trial =
when the=20
      movant meets all of the <I>Craddock</I> elements.&nbsp; <I>Bank =
One, Tex.,=20
      N.A. v. Moody</I>, 830 S.W.2d 81, 85 (Tex. 1992) (citing =
<I>Craddock v.=20
      Sunshine Bus Lines, Inc.</I>, 134 Tex. 388, 133 S.W.2d 124, 126=20
      (1939)).&nbsp; Under <I>Craddock</I>, a default judgment should be =
set=20
      aside and a new trial granted if (1) the failure to answer was not =

      intentional or the result of conscious indifference but was due to =
a=20
      mistake or accident, (2) the defendant sets up a meritorious =
defense, and=20
      (3) the motion is filed at such time that granting a new trial =
would not=20
      result in delay or otherwise injure the plaintiff. <I>&nbsp;In re=20
      R.R.</I>, 209 S.W.3d 112, 114</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">15 (Tex.=20
      2006).&nbsp; </SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection6>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">III.&nbsp;=20
      Analysis</SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Appellants=20
      contest the trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s findings=20
      regarding the first <I>Craddock </I>element on two grounds.&nbsp; =
First,=20
      as a threshold matter, they contend the trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      credibility determination regarding Mrs. Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s ability=20
      to understand her attorney</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s messages=20
      constitutes an abuse of discretion </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">in its own=20
      right</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
because=20
      the court never had an opportunity to judge her credibility.&nbsp; =
Second,=20
      they generally contend the trial court committed a substantive =
abuse of=20
      discretion by implicitly concluding, based on the above finding, =
that they=20
      failed to negate an intentional or consciously indifferent failure =
to=20
      appear.&nbsp; We disagree with both contentions.</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The burden=20
      of proof lies with the movant to show that the failure to appear =
at trial=20
      was not negligent, intentional, or the result of conscious =
indifference.=20
      <I>Holberg v. Short</I>, 731 S.W.2d 584, 586 (Tex. =
App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1987, no writ).&nbsp; Conscious indifference means =
failing to=20
      take some action which would seem indicated to a person of =
reasonable=20
      sensibilities under similar circumstances.&nbsp; <I>State v. =
Sledge</I>,=20
      982 S.W.2d 911, 914 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1998, no pet.).&nbsp; In other words, </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">it must be=20
      shown that the appellant was clearly aware of the situation and =
acted=20
      contrary to what such awareness dictated.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp;=20
      <I>Id.</I>; <I>see also Fidelity &amp; Guar. Ins. Co. v. Drewery =
Constr.=20
      Co.</I>, 186 S.W.3d 571, 575</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">76 (Tex.=20
      2006) (defining the conscious indifference standard as =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">the=20
      defendant knew it was sued but did not care</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">).&nbsp; A=20
      failure to appear is not intentional or due to conscious =
indifference=20
      merely because it was deliberate; rather, it must also be without=20
      justification. <I>&nbsp;In re K.A.R.</I>, 171 S.W.3d 705, 717 =
(Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 2005, no pet.).&nbsp; Proof of such =
justification</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">accident,=20
      mistake, or other reasonable explanation</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">negates=20
      intent or conscious indifference.&nbsp; <I>Id.</I>&nbsp; When the=20
      non-movant controverts the movant</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      allegations, the trial court must look to the knowledge and acts =
of the=20
      movant to determine whether his conduct was the result of =
conscious=20
      indifference or intentional disregard. <I>&nbsp;Holberg</I>, 731 =
S.W.2d at=20
      586</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">87 (citing=20
      <I>Strackbein</I> <I>v. Prewitt</I>, 671 S.W.2d 37, 39 (Tex. =
1984)).&nbsp;=20
      Courts have applied this element liberally, and each case depends =
on its=20
      own facts.&nbsp; <I>Gotcher v. Barnett</I>, 757 S.W.2d 398, 401 =
(Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1988, no writ).</SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection7>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
threshold=20
      contention seems to suggest the trial court abused its discretion =
by=20
      making a credibility finding as to Mrs. Ataya without the benefit =
of any=20
      live, sworn testimony.&nbsp;&nbsp; In support, they cite <I>Estate =
of=20
      Pollack v. McMurrey</I>, </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">858 S.W.2d 388, 392 =
(Tex.=20
      1993)</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">, for the=20
      proposition that the </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">trial=20
      court generally may not resolve disputed fact issues regarding =
intent or=20
      conscious indifference on affidavits alone.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">&nbsp; We=20
      find <I>Pollack </I>distinguishable.&nbsp; There, the trial court =
denied a=20
      motion for new trial without hearing evidence because the motion=20
      </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">fail[ed]=20
      on its own</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">; thus,=20
      neither the movant nor the non-movant had the opportunity to =
develop and=20
      present evidence on conscious indifference at an evidentiary=20
      hearing.&nbsp; <I>Id.</I> at 390</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">91.&nbsp;=20
      Here, an evidentiary hearing was held, and, presumably, appellants =
had the=20
      opportunity to present live testimony at the hearing.<A title=3D"" =

      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftn4"=20
      name=3D_ftnref4><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[4]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A>&nbsp;=20
      Given these circumstances, we do not find that the court abused =
its=20
      discretion simply by ruling on the first <I>Craddock </I>element =
based on=20
      the evidence before it. <I>&nbsp;See In re Barber</I>, 982 S.W.2d =
at 366;=20
      <I>Advanced Aesthetics, Inc. v. Creative Beauty Innovations, =
Inc.</I>, No.=20
      2&#8209;04&#8209;078&#8209;CV, 2005 WL 327176, at *1 (Tex. =
App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Fort Worth=20
      Feb. 10, 2005, pet. denied) (mem. op.) (affirming denial of motion =
for new=20
      trial for failure to establish first <I>Craddock </I>element and=20
      distinguishing its facts from <I>Pollack </I>on basis that trial =
court=20
      denied motion for new trial only after conducting hearing in which =
court=20
      did not deny parties ability to further develop facts, and parties =
opted=20
      to rely solely on competing affidavits, rather than present live=20
      testimony); <I>Novosad v. Cunningham</I>, 38 S.W.3d 767, =
771</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">72 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 2001, no pet.) (holding that trial court did not =
abuse its=20
      discretion in denying motion for new trial where it could have =
concluded=20
      that movant</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s failure=20
      to answer was intentional or due to conscious indifference based =
on=20
      evidence heard, which consisted of affidavits filed by parties);=20
      <I>Holberg</I>, 731 S.W.2d at 587 (holding that trial court did =
not abuse=20
      its discretion in denying motion for new trial where it could have =

      concluded that movant</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s failure=20
      to answer was intentional or due to conscious indifference based =
on=20
      evidence heard, which consisted of controverting=20
      affidavits).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection8>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Turning to=20
      appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =

      contentions regarding the merits of the trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s finding,=20
      we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in=20
      implicitly finding that appellants failed to meet their burden to =
negate=20
      intentional or conscious indifference.&nbsp; As to Mr. =
Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s failure=20
      to appear, he admits having notice of the September 20 two-week =
trial=20
      setting since at least August 16, 2005, over two weeks before he =
allegedly=20
      left for California.&nbsp; However, he never informed his attorney =
he went=20
      to California, and, while there, he made no attempts to contact =
his=20
      attorney, the court, or even his wife concerning any communication =
she may=20
      have received concerning the litigation until the day before =
trial.&nbsp;=20
      Moreover, the trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s refusal=20
      to believe that Mrs. Ataya could not understand the repeated =
messages from=20
      their attorney vitiates Mr. Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s position=20
      that he never received any of the messages from Bruce until the =
day before=20
      trial.&nbsp; Accordingly, based on the knowledge and acts of Mr. =
Ataya=20
      shown in the record, we cannot say the trial court abused its =
discretion=20
      in implicitly finding that he failed to negate intent or conscious =

      indifference.&nbsp; <I>See</I> <I>Martinez v. Martinez</I>, 157 =
S.W.3d=20
      467, 470</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">71 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 2004, no pet.) (finding conscious indifference for =
failure to=20
      answer where out of state party, though having knowledge of =
divorce=20
      petition as early as two months before formal service, never asked =

      attorney to file an answer, never asked to see copy of answer to =
be filed,=20
      never contacted the trial court to see if answer had been filed, =
and never=20
      asked friends or family residing in area where Texas trial court =
was=20
      located to check on progress of case); <I>Pickell v. Guar.=20
      Nat</I></SPAN><I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></I><I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">l Life=20
      Ins. Co.</SPAN></I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">, 917=20
      S.W.2d 439, 442 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1996, no writ) (holding generally that a party has =
duty to=20
      keep informed of when case is set for trial);<I> Sharpe v. =
Kilcoyne</I>,=20
      962 S.W.2d 697, 701 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Fort Worth=20
      1998, no pet.) (finding conscious indifference for failure to =
appear where=20
      party, though having knowledge she was being sued and constructive =
notice=20
      of trial date, and receiving multiple correspondences regarding =
pendency=20
      of suit, moved out of country without leaving forwarding address, =
failed=20
      to contact her attorney or court about case, and rejected =
correspondence=20
      regarding suit); <I>see also Matter of Brackeen</I>, No. =
07&#8209;96&#8209;0431&#8209;CV,=20
      1997 WL 760555, at *2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">3 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Amarillo=20
      Dec. 11, 1997, no pet.) (not designated for publication) (holding =
that=20
      party failed to negate intent or conscious indifference for =
failure to=20
      appear where party, though attorney did not inform her of precise =
trial=20
      date, had some notice that case may go to trial following week and =
took no=20
      action to resolve any uncertainty as to exact=20
      date).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">As to Mrs.=20
      Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s failure=20
      to appear, we similarly do not find the trial court abused its =
discretion=20
      in implicitly finding she failed to negate intent or conscious=20
      indifference.&nbsp; The trial court found Mrs. Ataya</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s only=20
      conceivable excuse for failing to appear the day of =
trial</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">a lack of=20
      English proficiency</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">to lack=20
      credibility, and she has offered no other justification.<A =
title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftn5"=20
      name=3D_ftnref5><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[5]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A>&nbsp;=20
      Moreover, even if Mrs. Ataya </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">could=20
      neither read nor understand [her attorney</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s]=20
      messages very well,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
this=20
      alone does not explain why she waited until the day before trial =
to inform=20
      her husband of the messages and failed otherwise to seek help from =
her=20
      attorney to understand the messages.&nbsp; <I>See First=20
      Nat</I></SPAN><I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></I><I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">l Bank of=20
      Bryan v. Peterson</SPAN></I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">, 709=20
      S.W.2d 276, 279</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">80 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [14th Dist.] 1986, writ ref</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">d n.r.e.)=20
      (finding conscious indifference for failure to answer where three =
parties=20
      did not understand that writ of garnishment required answer and =
failed to=20
      take steps toward consulting lawyer after receiving writ); =
<I>Butler v.=20
      Dal Tex Mach. &amp; Tool Co.</I>, 627 S.W.2d 258, 260 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Fort Worth=20
      1982, no writ) (finding conscious indifference for failure to =
answer where=20
      party who allegedly did not understand citation failed to take any =
action=20
      to seek help in understanding the citation).&nbsp; =
</SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto" clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection9>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Finally,=20
      appellants do not make any specific arguments under the first =
<I>Craddock=20
      </I>element regarding Victory Wholesale</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s failure=20
      to appear.&nbsp; Therefore, to the extent appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =

      contentions relating to the Atayas subsume Victory Wholesale, we =
similarly=20
      overrule them.&nbsp; To the extent appellants have failed to offer =

      independent grounds for reversal under the first <I>Craddock =
</I>element=20
      as to Victory Wholesale, they have failed to present error to this =
court=20
      for review.&nbsp; <I>See </I><SPAN style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: =
uppercase">Tex.=20
      R. App. P.=20
      </SPAN>33.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =

      </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Because=20
      appellants failed to meet their burden under the first <I>Craddock =

      </I>element, we need not address their remaining arguments.&nbsp;=20
      <I>See</I> <I>Novosad</I>, 38 S.W.3d at 772.&nbsp; </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">We=20
      therefore overrule appellants</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
sole=20
      issue and affirm the trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      judgment.&nbsp; </SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6.8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 3.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 3in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">/s/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      Leslie Brock Yates</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 3.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Justice</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Judgment=20
      rendered and Memorandum Opinion filed February 8, 2007.</SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Panel=20
      consists of Chief Justice Hedges and Justices Yates and=20
      Seymore.</SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV><BR clear=3Dall>
      <HR align=3Dleft width=3D"33%" SIZE=3D1>

      <DIV id=3Dftn1>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftnref1"=20
      name=3D_ftn1><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
11pt">[1]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt">&nbsp; There is conflicting evidence in =
the record=20
      as to whether the two-week period began September 20 or 26.&nbsp; =
The=20
      exact date, however, is irrelevant to our disposition of this =
appeal.=20
      </SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV id=3Dftn2>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftnref2"=20
      name=3D_ftn2><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
11pt">[2]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt">&nbsp; The record does not reveal =
exactly when the=20
      court set the trial for October 4.&nbsp; Both parties allude to =
the=20
      evacuation of the Houston metropolitan area during the week of =
September=20
      20 due to Hurricane Rita and agree the evacuation delayed the =
court in=20
      calling the case until October 4.&nbsp; However, appellants did =
not=20
      contend in the trial court or to this court that the hurricane or=20
      resulting evacuation in any way contributed to their failure to =
appear for=20
      the October 4 trial setting.&nbsp; </SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV id=3Dftn3>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftnref3"=20
      name=3D_ftn3><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
11pt">[3]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Mrs. Ataya stated =
in her=20
      affidavit that, due to her inability to fully understand English, =
Mr.=20
      Ataya interpreted the affidavit for her. </SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV id=3Dftn4>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftnref4"=20
      name=3D_ftn4><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
11pt">[4]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Appellants have not =
presented=20
      a record showing the trial court denied their ability to present =
live=20
      testimony to this court. <I>&nbsp;See W &amp; F Transp., Inc. v.=20
      Wilhelm</I>, 208 S.W.3d 32, 37 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Houston [14th =
Dist.] 2006, no=20
      pet.) (noting that historically, burden falls on appellant to see =
that=20
      sufficient record is presented showing reversible error).&nbsp; =
Moreover,=20
      appellants have failed to explicitly contend that the trial court=20
      precluded live testimony at the hearing.&nbsp; <I>See</I> <SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase">Tex. R. App. P. </SPAN>38.1(h) =

      (</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">The brief must =
contain a=20
      clear and concise argument for the contentions made, with =
appropriate=20
      citations to authorities and to the record.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">);<I> Thomas v.=20
      Olympus/Nelson Prop. Mgmt.</I>, 148 S.W.3d 395, 401 (Tex. =
App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Houston [14th =
Dist.] 2004, no=20
      pet.) (noting that appellant bears burden to show that record =
supports=20
      contentions raised, which includes specifying location of =
supporting=20
      evidence). </SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV id=3Dftn5>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><A=20
      title=3D""=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Op=
inionId=3D83064#_ftnref5"=20
      name=3D_ftn5><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN =
class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
11pt">[5]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">We acknowledge that =
some=20
      cases have declined to find conscious indifference where parties =
lacked=20
      English proficiency, did not seek aid in understanding suit =
papers, and=20
      thus failed to answer or appear.&nbsp; <I>See, e.g.</I>, <I>Lara =
v.=20
      Rosales</I>, 159 S.W.3d 121, 124 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Corpus Christi =
2004, pet.=20
      denied);<I> Martinez v. Valencia</I>, 824 S.W.2d 719, 723 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">El Paso 1992, no =
writ).&nbsp;=20
      However, in these cases, unlike the current case, the lack of =
English=20
      proficiency was=20
uncontroverted.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY></=
HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C79FB8.3DBBDFB0
Content-Type: image/gif
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Location: http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/resource/opinions/images/icoEMail.gif

R0lGODlhFAAPAKIAAAAAgIAAAP///8DAwICAgAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAAFAAPAAADNCi63P4wykaq
vba4Mrr/ndaITxAM5JI2JrotQCwr7jjVDCnPAq7eKwEHRAwWjshkcsJsShIAOw==

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C79FB8.3DBBDFB0
Content-Type: text/css;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.14thcoa.courts.state.tx.us/resource/includes/oca.css

.TitleBlue {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.TitleBlueCenter {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
.TitleMaroon {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: maroon; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.TitleWhite {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: white; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.TitleBlack {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.NavWhite {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: white; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.NavWhite:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
.BreadCrumbs {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif
}
A.BreadCrumbs {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.BreadCrumbs:hover {
	COLOR: blue
}
.TextNormal {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif
}
.TextJustify {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: =
black; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify
}
A.TextNormal {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; FONT-FAMILY: =
Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.TextNormal:hover {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold
}
.TextSmall {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; FONT-FAMILY: =
Arial Narrow
}
.TextSmallBlue {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: =
#000099; FONT-FAMILY: Arial Narrow
}
.TextSmallJust {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; FONT-FAMILY: =
Arial Narrow; TEXT-ALIGN: justify
}
A.TextSmall {
	COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.TextSmallJust {
	COLOR: #000099; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.TextSmall:hover {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold
}
A.TextSmallJust:hover {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold
}
.TextSmallWhite {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: =
white; FONT-FAMILY: Arial Narrow
}
.TextWhite {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: =
Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
}
A.TextWhite {
=09
}
A.TextWhite:hover {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold
}
.LinksSite {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #000099; FONT-FAMILY: Arial =
Narrow; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.LinksSite {
=09
}
A.LinksSite:hover {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold
}
.TextNotify {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #000099; FONT-FAMILY: Arial =
Narrow
}
.SiteMaster {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.SiteMaster {
	LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
A.SiteMaster:hover {
	COLOR: blue
}
.SiteMenu {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.SiteMenu {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.SiteMenu:hover {
	COLOR: blue
}
.SiteBase {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.SiteBase {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: maroon; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, =
Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
A.SiteBase:hover {
	COLOR: blue
}
.ErrorNormal {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: red; =
FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
}
.ErrorSmall {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: red; =
FONT-FAMILY: Arial Narrow
}
.SystemMSG {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: white; =
FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: =
navy
}
.SystemErrorMSG {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; COLOR: white; =
FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: red
}
.buttonUnused {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 1pt; PADDING-LEFT: 1pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: =
9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; MARGIN: 1pt; COLOR: #fff5d7; PADDING-TOP: 1pt; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #576a9d; font-face: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif
}
.buttonTanUnused {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 1pt; PADDING-LEFT: 1pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: =
9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; MARGIN: 1pt; COLOR: #576a9d; PADDING-TOP: 1pt; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #fff5d7; font-face: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif
}
.TextLargeBlue {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, =
sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.DocketHeaderTitle {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, ' Helvetica', sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
.TextLargeBlack {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.TextLargeBlackcenter {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
.TextBlue {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
}
A.TextBlue {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000099; LINE-HEIGHT: =
normal; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; =
TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
.TextRed {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; =
FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif
}
.TextHidenGray {
	FONT-SIZE: 0pt; COLOR: #ebebe1; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: =
Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
.Time {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10px; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 4em; =
FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-ALIGN: center
}

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C79FB8.3DBBDFB0--
