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Subject: Texas Judiciary Online - HTML Opinion
Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2007 17:24:20 -0500
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Edessa'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">IN RE KRISTIN =
PARKS,=20
      RELATOR<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; =
mso-line-height-rule: exactly"=20
      align=3Dcenter><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect id=3D_x0000_s1028=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: -2; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
1in; WIDTH: 468pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; =
mso-position-horizontal-relative: page"=20
      coordsize =3D "21600,21600" o:allowincell =3D "f" fillcolor =3D =
"black" stroked=20
      =3D "f" strokeweight =3D "0"><v:fill color2 =3D =
"black"></v:fill><w:wrap=20
      =
anchorx=3D"page"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:rect><![endif]=
--><![if !vml]><span style=3D'mso-ignore:vglayout;position:
absolute;z-index:-2;left:0px;margin-left:96px;margin-top:0px;width:624px;=

height:4px'><img width=3D624 height=3D4 =
src=3D"070469F_files/image004.gif" =
v:shapes=3D"_x0000_s1028"></span><![endif]><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Original Proceeding =
on=20
      Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; =
mso-line-height-rule: exactly"=20
      align=3Dcenter><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect id=3D_x0000_s1029=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: -1; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: =
1in; WIDTH: 468pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 2.85pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; =
mso-position-horizontal-relative: page"=20
      coordsize =3D "21600,21600" o:allowincell =3D "f" fillcolor =3D =
"black" stroked=20
      =3D "f" strokeweight =3D "0"><v:fill color2 =3D =
"black"></v:fill><w:wrap=20
      =
anchorx=3D"page"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:rect><![endif]=
--><![if !vml]><span style=3D'mso-ignore:vglayout;position:
absolute;z-index:-1;left:0px;margin-left:96px;margin-top:0px;width:624px;=

height:4px'><img width=3D624 height=3D4 =
src=3D"070469F_files/image004.gif" =
v:shapes=3D"_x0000_s1029"></span><![endif]><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: center" =
align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></B></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">OPINION</SPAN></B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection2>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Relator,=20
      Kristin Parks, requests habeas corpus relief, asserting in three =
issues=20
      that she is illegally restrained. We requested a response from =
Lawrence=20
      James Clark, the real party in interest, but none was filed.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Upon initial review of=20
      Parks</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      petition, we concluded that Parks demonstrated probable grounds =
for relief=20
      and released her from confinement on bail during the pendency of =
this=20
      original proceeding.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>We grant=20
      the requested relief.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Factual=20
      Background <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></DIV><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN></B>
      <DIV class=3DSection3>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">In=20
      December 1997, Parks and Clark were divorced.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>In the divorce decree =
they agreed=20
      to become joint managing conservators of their only child, a=20
      daughter.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>In March =
2007,=20
      Clark filed a motion for enforcement of the decree by contempt and =

      alleged, among other things, that on twelve separate occasions =
Parks had=20
      denied his rightful access to the child.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>In May 2007, after =
hearing=20
      testimony from both Parks and Clark, the trial court found Parks =
had=20
      violated the decree on at least five separate occasions by failing =
to=20
      allow Clark or his adult designee (Clark</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s present=20
      wife) to have custody of their daughter for his scheduled period =
of=20
      possession.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>The =
court held=20
      Parks in contempt of the decree and, as punishment, immediately =
sentenced=20
      her to 180 days incarceration for each of the five violations, to =
run=20
      concurrently.<A title=3D"" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn1"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.1stcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Opi=
nionId=3D84626#_ftn1"=20
      name=3D_ftnref1><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN =
style=3D"mso-special-character: footnote"><![if !supportFootnotes]><SPAN =

      class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: =
AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><![endif]></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Important to =
Parks</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s habeas=20
      request, the trial court further ordered that Clark have =
possession of his=20
      daughter </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">until=20
      further order of this court.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN><B>Standard of Review=20
      <o:p></o:p></B></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">A habeas=20
      corpus petition is a collateral attack on a judgment, the purpose =
of which=20
      is not to determine the final guilt or innocence of the relator =
but to=20
      ascertain whether the relator has been confined unlawfully. =
<I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>Ex parte Gordon</I>, 584 =
S.W.2d=20
      686, 688 (Tex. 1979).<B> </B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>The presumption is that =
the order=20
      is valid.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>In re=20
      Turner</I>, 177 S.W.3d 284, 288 (Tex.App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [1st Dist.] 2005, orig. proceeding) (citing <I>Ex parte =
Occhipenti</I>,=20
      796 S.W.2d 805, 809 (Tex.App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">B</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [1st Dist.] 1990, orig. proceeding)).<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>We issue a writ of =
habeas corpus=20
      if a trial court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s contempt=20
      order is beyond the court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s power or=20
      the court did not afford the relator due process of law.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>Turner</I>, 177 =
S.W.3d at 288=20
      (citing <I>In re Henry, </I>154 S.W.3d 594, 596 (Tex. 2005)).<SPAN =

      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>The relator bears the =
burden of=20
      showing that she is entitled to relief. <I>Turner</I>, 177 S.W.3d =
at 288=20
      <B>(</B>citing <I>Occhipenti</I>, 796 S.W.2d at 808-09).=20
      <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
center"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">I.=20
      Insufficient Notice of Modification of the Custody Arrangement=20
      </SPAN></B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection4>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Parks=20
      contends that, in Clark</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s motion=20
      for contempt, he sought only make-up sessions for the periods of=20
      possession that he missed when Parks failed to relinquish custody =
of their=20
      daughter, the relief prescribed by the Texas Family Code.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase">Tex. Fam. Code Ann.</SPAN> =
</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">'</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
157.168=20
      (a)(1) (Vernon 2002).<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Clark=20
      did not seek modification of the custody arrangement, nor did he =
request=20
      sole possession of his daughter.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>Thus, Park contends the court overstepped its authority by =
granting=20
      Clark sole custody </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">until=20
      further order of this Court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
because=20
      Parks did not have notice that the court might modify the custody=20
      arrangement set forth in the divorce decree beyond the make-up =
time=20
      requested by Clark.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Parks=20
      contends that without proper notice, the court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s order of=20
      contempt is invalid.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>We=20
      agree.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Due=20
      process of law demands that before a court can punish for a =
contempt not=20
      committed in its presence, the accused must have full and complete =

      notification of the subject matter, and the show cause order or =
other=20
      means of notification must state when, how, and by what means the=20
      defendant has been guilty of the alleged contempt.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
<I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>Ex</I> <I>parte =
Edgerly</I>, 441=20
      S.W.2d 514, 516 (Tex. 1969).<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>A constructive contemnor must be given complete =
notification and a=20
      reasonable opportunity to meet the charges by way of defense or=20
      explanation. <I><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>Gordon</I>,=20
      584 S.W.2d at 688.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>A contempt=20
      judgment rendered without proper notification is a nullity.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>Id. </I>(citing <I>Ex =
parte=20
      Ratliff, </I>117 Tex. 325, 327-28,<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>3 S.W.2d 406, 407 (1928)).<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>Proper notification includes notification, from the =
pleadings, of=20
      the relief that the court may grant.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN><I>See Cunningham v. Parkdale Bank</I>, 660 S.W.2d 810, =
812-13=20
      (Tex. 1983); <I>Barnett v. Barnett</I>, 640 S.W.2d 776, 777 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [1st Dist] 1982, no writ).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection5>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">A habeas=20
      proceeding is a collateral attack on the validity of the=20
      petitioner</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      confinement.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN><I>Gordon</I>,=20
      584 S.W.2d at 688.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>In such a=20
      proceeding, a court of appeals has jurisdiction to review a matter =
to the=20
      extent that it modifies or reforms previous orders of the trial =
court=20
      without proper pleadings and evidence.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>In re A.M.</I>, 974 =
S.W.2d 857,=20
      861-62 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">San=20
      Antonio 1998, no writ); <I>Martin v. Martin</I>, 519 S.W.2d 900, =
902 (Tex.=20
      Civ. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Houston=20
      [1st Dist.] 1975, no writ); <I>Seber v. Glass</I>, 258 S.W.2d 122, =
124=20
      (Tex. Civ. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Fort Worth=20
      1953, no writ).<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Without=20
      proper pleadings and evidence a trial court exceeds its authority =
if it=20
      modifies or reforms previous orders affecting the custody of a=20
      child.<I><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>A.M.</I>, =
974=20
      S.W.2d at 861<I>;Ex parte Karr</I>, 663 S.W.2d 534, 539 (Tex.=20
      App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Amarillo=20
      1983, orig. proceeding)<I>; Martin</I>, 519 S.W.2d at 902.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>When a court</SPAN><SPAN =

      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s judgment=20
      exceeds its authority, a court may issue a writ of habeas corpus.=20
      <I>Turner</I>, 177 S.W.3d at 288.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: =
widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">In this case, the =
trial=20
      court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP TypographicSymbols'; =
mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-char-type: symbol; =
mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">s order for =
commitment, in=20
      relevant part, states: <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0.5in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; =
mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">It is further =
ORDERED that=20
      Respondent shall allow Movant additional periods of possession of =
or=20
      access to a child to compensate for the denial of court-ordered =
possession=20
      or access as follow: <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0.5in 0pt 1in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; =
mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">It is Ordered that =
Lawrence=20
      James Clark shall have possession of Lauren Marie Parks-Clark =
beginning=20
      immediately, until further order of this Court. Review hearing is =
set for=20
      August 16, 2007 at 9:00 a.m. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN>
      <DIV class=3DSection6>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The trial=20
      court erred in granting Clark open-ended possession of the=20
      couple</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s child=20
      beyond the period of Parks</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      confinement.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Nothing=20
      precludes a trial court from making arrangements for custody while =
one=20
      parent is confined as punishment for contempt.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">[T]he=20
      power to punish for contempt is an essential element of judicial=20
      independence and authority that enables courts to persuade parties =
to obey=20
      an order of the court so that the order will not be rendered =
ineffectual=20
      by recalcitrant litigants.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>In re Office of the =
Attorney=20
      Gen.</I>, 215 S.W.3d 913, 915 (Tex. App.</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">C</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Fort Worth=20
      2007).<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>When a court =
sentences=20
      one parent to confinement for an extended period, then it may be =
in the=20
      best interest of the child for the other parent to have sole =
possession of=20
      the child during confinement.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>Granting possession to Clark, </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">until=20
      further order of this Court,</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =

      however,<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>removed =
Parks as the=20
      primary conservator of the child for the period of her confinement =
and=20
      beyond.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>This was =
outside the=20
      scope of the court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s=20
      authority at a contempt proceeding, when the pleadings neither =
requested,=20
      nor even mentioned a potential modification of the =
parties</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> =
agreed=20
      custody arrangement. <I>See A.M.</I>, 974 S.W.2d at 861; =
<I>Karr</I>, 663=20
      S.W.2d at 539<I>; Martin</I>, 519 S.W.2d at 902; <I>Seber</I>, 258 =
S.W.2d=20
      at 124.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;=20
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">We=20
      conclude that the trial court failed to afford Parks sufficient =
due=20
      process of law when it granted open-ended possession of the child =
to=20
      Clark.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: =
widow-orphan"=20
      align=3Dcenter><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></DIV><B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti; =
mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; =
mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR=20
      style=3D"PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"=20
      clear=3Dall></SPAN></B>
      <DIV class=3DSection7>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">In=20
      modifying the custody arrangement in the divorce decree without =
prior=20
      notice, and without limiting such a modification to make-up time =
or to=20
      time necessary due to the exigencies of incarceration, the trial =
court=20
      exceeded its contempt authority.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN>We issue a writ of habeas corpus if a trial =
court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s contempt=20
      order is beyond the court</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s power or=20
      the court did not afford the relator due process of law.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>Turner</I>, 177 =
S.W.3d at 288=20
      (citing <I>Henry, </I>154 S.W.3d at 596). <B><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN></B>We therefore grant=20
      Parks</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'; mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">=3D</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">s request=20
      for habeas corpus relief and order her to be unconditionally =
discharged=20
      from restraint by the Sheriff of Harris County. =
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: =
widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 3.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: =
widow-orphan"><st1:PersonName=20
      w:st=3D"on"><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Jane=20
      Bland</SPAN></st1:PersonName><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-INDENT: 3.5in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: =
widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">Justice<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">Panel consists of =
Justices=20
      Taft, Hanks and Bland. <B><o:p></o:p></B></SPAN></P>
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN-LEFT: 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.75in; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"mso-element: footnote-list"><![if =
!supportFootnotes]><BR=20
      clear=3Dall>
      <HR align=3Dleft width=3D"33%" SIZE=3D1>
<![endif]>
      <DIV id=3Dftn1 style=3D"mso-element: footnote">
      <P class=3DMsoNormal=20
      style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; =
TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: -1.0in"><A=20
      title=3D"" style=3D"mso-footnote-id: ftn1"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.1stcoa.courts.state.tx.us/opinions/htmlopinion.asp?Opi=
nionId=3D84626#_ftnref1"=20
      name=3D_ftn1><SPAN class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt"><SPAN style=3D"mso-special-character: =
footnote"><![if !supportFootnotes]><SPAN=20
      class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><SUP><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New =
Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; =
mso-bidi-language: =
AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN><![endif]></SPAN></SPAN></SUP></SPAN></A><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-tab-count: =
1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
      </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: =
Shruti">The trial=20
      court struck language in its commitment order that would have =
given the=20
      sheriff the authority to award </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP TypographicSymbols'; =
mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-char-type: symbol; =
mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">good =
time</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP TypographicSymbols'; =
mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-char-type: symbol; =
mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> credit to the =
relator.<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>It is not clear to us =
what the=20
      trial court meant by this.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</SPAN>A=20
      trial court may exempt a contemnor from credit for </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP TypographicSymbols'; =
mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-char-type: symbol; =
mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">A</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti">good =
time</SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'WP TypographicSymbols'; =
mso-ascii-font-family: Shruti; mso-hansi-font-family: Shruti; =
mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-char-type: symbol; =
mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP TypographicSymbols'"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: 'WP =
TypographicSymbols'">@</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"> during coercive =
confinement.=20
      <I><SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>Ex parte =
Acly</I>, 711=20
      S.W.2d 627, 628 (Tex.1986) (recognizing that good time credit does =
not=20
      apply to coercive civil contempt orders).<SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>However, we note that a =
trial=20
      court has no authority to limit the operation of the good behavior =
credit=20
      when committing a relator to confinement as <I>punishment </I>for=20
      contempt.<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN><I>Ex =
parte=20
      Roosth</I>, 881 S.W.2d 300, 301 (Tex. 1994). <I><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</SPAN>See Kopeski v. =
Martin</I>, 629=20
      S.W.2d 743, 745 (Tex. Crim. App 1982). </SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: Shruti"><SPAN=20
      style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
      style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
13pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY>=
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